Cutting's Story
THE STORY OF NEWMARKET
MARIE CUTTING
MARIE CUTTING
Preface
In 1955 my class at the Toronto Teachers’ College was asked to write a short Family Church or Community History. I chose to attempt the History of my Home Town, Newmarket.
I began my work on this book during the Christmas Holidays, when I went around town getting dates from churches, banks, bridges, sidewalks and noteworthy buildings. Then followed a session of picture-taking which took me all over town again on hard-to-find sunny days.
Some information was obtained from the Newmarket Era and Express, our weekly paper, but most information was obtained from Mr. Gibson (Raglan Street) to whom this book is dedicated.
While making this study I was made aware, for the first time, of the hard work, patience, and courage that combined to make our town. Objects around town that I naturally took for granted, became “alive” and behind them unfolded a story I never knew existed.
Making this story made me more informed, awake, and alive to my surroundings.
May you, as you read this book, learn something that perhaps you didn’t know before, about our little town, Newmarket.
In 1955 my class at the Toronto Teachers’ College was asked to write a short Family Church or Community History. I chose to attempt the History of my Home Town, Newmarket.
I began my work on this book during the Christmas Holidays, when I went around town getting dates from churches, banks, bridges, sidewalks and noteworthy buildings. Then followed a session of picture-taking which took me all over town again on hard-to-find sunny days.
Some information was obtained from the Newmarket Era and Express, our weekly paper, but most information was obtained from Mr. Gibson (Raglan Street) to whom this book is dedicated.
While making this study I was made aware, for the first time, of the hard work, patience, and courage that combined to make our town. Objects around town that I naturally took for granted, became “alive” and behind them unfolded a story I never knew existed.
Making this story made me more informed, awake, and alive to my surroundings.
May you, as you read this book, learn something that perhaps you didn’t know before, about our little town, Newmarket.
Introduction
Part I: The Coming of the Pioneers
In August 1535, Jacques Cartier sailed up the St Lawrence and cast anchors at the Indian Village of Stadacona. In 1608 Champlain, following in the wake of Cartier, landed at Stadacona with men and materials to lay the foundations of Quebec City.
Fur traders and adventurers penetrated far inland setting up trading posts and by lake and river. French missionaries lived and laboured amongst the Indians.
Explorers mapped out the courses of streams and noted the natural resources of the country. Military leaders built forts at strategic points. But, for years, scarcely anyone seems to have thought seriously for making living by the cultivation of the soil. Instead, settlers preferred to engage in the adventurous and more lucrative occupation of trading in furs.
But, with the passing of Canada to the English in 1763 and the subsequent revolt of the American Colonies, all this was changed. Many colonists who had remained true to England had either been ruined during the revolt or subsequently find their old surroundings uncongenial and looked to Canada as a place of escape.
In the matter of location, the new comers seem to have been allowed a wide range of “choice lands” in what are now designated the Maritime Provinces, Quebec and Ontario were offered for settlement.
Coming from New York and other agricultural states, many of the immigrants chose Ontario, settling from the most part within easy distance of the Great Lakes waterway.
Nearly all of those who came at first were of humble origin, of honest purposes and almost destitute of means. A considerable proportion of these first settlers were Loyalists. In addition to these Loyalists and subsequent American immigrants there were thousands who came directly from the Old World to settle in Canada. Those of American origin arrived mainly between 1780 and 1812, while principal movement from overseas commenced a few years later
It is with these strangers in a new land that we are concerned in these pages. It was through these people that the little town of Newmarket was put on the map.
Part II: York Country in Ontario History
From the first, in Upper Canada, we have had a York County. York was one of the nineteen original counties created in 1792 by Governor Simcoe. By 1885 the first York was two counties. The east riding was the territory west of Durham to the Etobicoke Creek and comprised mainly what became Ontario, York and Peel counties. The west riding was the area extending from the Head of the Lake, now Burlington, over to the Grand River, north of Dundas Street. The area between Etobicoke and head of the lake was Indian lands and later became the counties of Peel and Halton York, and other counties of Simcoe’s time were units for military purposes and for representation in the Legislative Assembly.
The early place names of York County particularly of townships are links with Simcoe East and North Gwillimbury, as well as West Gwillimbury in Simcoe County, were named after Mrs Simcoe, whose family name was Gwillim.
The origin of Whitchurch is explained by the fact that the village of Whitchurch in Herefordshire was the birthplace Mrs. Simcoe, Elizabeth Posthuma Gwillim. She was born in 1766, seven months after the death of her father, Lt. Col. Thomas Gwillim, at Gibraltar, and her mother died a few hours after giving birth to this daughter, an only child. Hence the name Posthuma for the girl who never knew her father or mother.
King was named after John King, joint-under-secretary of state with Evan Nepean, who was also a friend of Simcoe.
Scarborough and York are recognized at once as Yorkshire place-names. Etobicoke was named after the creek called that by the Indians, and means “the place where the alders grow.” It is the one township in York bearing an aboriginal name.
Part I: The Coming of the Pioneers
In August 1535, Jacques Cartier sailed up the St Lawrence and cast anchors at the Indian Village of Stadacona. In 1608 Champlain, following in the wake of Cartier, landed at Stadacona with men and materials to lay the foundations of Quebec City.
Fur traders and adventurers penetrated far inland setting up trading posts and by lake and river. French missionaries lived and laboured amongst the Indians.
Explorers mapped out the courses of streams and noted the natural resources of the country. Military leaders built forts at strategic points. But, for years, scarcely anyone seems to have thought seriously for making living by the cultivation of the soil. Instead, settlers preferred to engage in the adventurous and more lucrative occupation of trading in furs.
But, with the passing of Canada to the English in 1763 and the subsequent revolt of the American Colonies, all this was changed. Many colonists who had remained true to England had either been ruined during the revolt or subsequently find their old surroundings uncongenial and looked to Canada as a place of escape.
In the matter of location, the new comers seem to have been allowed a wide range of “choice lands” in what are now designated the Maritime Provinces, Quebec and Ontario were offered for settlement.
Coming from New York and other agricultural states, many of the immigrants chose Ontario, settling from the most part within easy distance of the Great Lakes waterway.
Nearly all of those who came at first were of humble origin, of honest purposes and almost destitute of means. A considerable proportion of these first settlers were Loyalists. In addition to these Loyalists and subsequent American immigrants there were thousands who came directly from the Old World to settle in Canada. Those of American origin arrived mainly between 1780 and 1812, while principal movement from overseas commenced a few years later
It is with these strangers in a new land that we are concerned in these pages. It was through these people that the little town of Newmarket was put on the map.
Part II: York Country in Ontario History
From the first, in Upper Canada, we have had a York County. York was one of the nineteen original counties created in 1792 by Governor Simcoe. By 1885 the first York was two counties. The east riding was the territory west of Durham to the Etobicoke Creek and comprised mainly what became Ontario, York and Peel counties. The west riding was the area extending from the Head of the Lake, now Burlington, over to the Grand River, north of Dundas Street. The area between Etobicoke and head of the lake was Indian lands and later became the counties of Peel and Halton York, and other counties of Simcoe’s time were units for military purposes and for representation in the Legislative Assembly.
The early place names of York County particularly of townships are links with Simcoe East and North Gwillimbury, as well as West Gwillimbury in Simcoe County, were named after Mrs Simcoe, whose family name was Gwillim.
The origin of Whitchurch is explained by the fact that the village of Whitchurch in Herefordshire was the birthplace Mrs. Simcoe, Elizabeth Posthuma Gwillim. She was born in 1766, seven months after the death of her father, Lt. Col. Thomas Gwillim, at Gibraltar, and her mother died a few hours after giving birth to this daughter, an only child. Hence the name Posthuma for the girl who never knew her father or mother.
King was named after John King, joint-under-secretary of state with Evan Nepean, who was also a friend of Simcoe.
Scarborough and York are recognized at once as Yorkshire place-names. Etobicoke was named after the creek called that by the Indians, and means “the place where the alders grow.” It is the one township in York bearing an aboriginal name.
Georgina was a name coined by Simcoe in honour of George III. Simcoe originally proposed if for his new capital planned for the Forks of the Thames, the present day London. The townships of Georgina originally was part of the County of Ontario and was transferred to York County in 1853.
Markham was named after William Markham, the famous archbishop of York in the days of the younger Pitt. Markham’s son, Captain John Markham, R.N. came up from his ship at Quebec to visit Simcoe at Newark in 1792.
Vaughan was named after Benjamin Vaughan, who with Richard Oswald, represented the british Government in the peace negotiations with the United States in 1783.
To our two main rivers Simcoe gave the Yorkshire manes of Humber and Don. Other York County place names include a number of Yorkshire origin, such as Weston, Milton, Todmorden, Pickering and Whitby.
Part III: By Way of Yonge Street
Yonge Street, named by Simcoe after his friend Sir George Yonge, keeps of course, its historic position in the two new counties establishments. The projection of that road by Simcoe in 1814 ended the inadequate portage of the French by way of the Humber from Lake Ontario to Lake Simcoe and the Upper Lakes.
At this time Toronto had no more than two or three brick buildings between the market and Yonge Street. There was not a building if any kind between Queen and Bloor on the west side of Yonge. Yonge Street north of Toronto was not then the straight highway it is now, but twisted and turned in all directions to avoid the hills.
The most travelled route from Toronto to Penetang was, via Yonge Street to Holland Landing, from there to Kempenfeldt Bay by boat or steamer in summer and across the ice in winter. The route them led overland through a bush-trail to Penetang.
Let us for a moment consider Holland landing.
Holland Landing is one of the historic laces of York County. On or about 1790 Mayor Holland, who was Surveyor-General for Upper Canada, passed through the then unknown region from Toronto to the river which now bears his name. He died in 1801.
It was the resting place of the wonderful and to mysterious anchors, which was abandoned here on the sandy shores in the winter of 1815, although its destiny was Penetang, where the British Militia proposed to build war frigate for use on the Upper Lakes. In the meantime peace was declared and the anchor was abandoned to be gradually buried in the soft drifting sand.
The anchor was delivered at Kingston in the fall of 1814 and transported to the Lower Landing via Toronto and Yonge Street on specifically constructed runners by relays of oxen, 2 yoke being used in its delivery. Nearly one-hundred years later the anchor was re-discovered and permission was obtained by the council of Holland Landing to transfer it to the village park.
As well as being an historic place, Holland Landing was also a busy place. There, was the only mill in the district. This Old Red Mill ground grain for pioneers from as far north as Penetang. In 1817, to mention only one, a man named Partridge packed his grist on his back and walked to Barrie, then he paddled it in his dugout the rest of the way, 20 miles, to the Old Red Mill at Holland Landing.
Markham was named after William Markham, the famous archbishop of York in the days of the younger Pitt. Markham’s son, Captain John Markham, R.N. came up from his ship at Quebec to visit Simcoe at Newark in 1792.
Vaughan was named after Benjamin Vaughan, who with Richard Oswald, represented the british Government in the peace negotiations with the United States in 1783.
To our two main rivers Simcoe gave the Yorkshire manes of Humber and Don. Other York County place names include a number of Yorkshire origin, such as Weston, Milton, Todmorden, Pickering and Whitby.
Part III: By Way of Yonge Street
Yonge Street, named by Simcoe after his friend Sir George Yonge, keeps of course, its historic position in the two new counties establishments. The projection of that road by Simcoe in 1814 ended the inadequate portage of the French by way of the Humber from Lake Ontario to Lake Simcoe and the Upper Lakes.
At this time Toronto had no more than two or three brick buildings between the market and Yonge Street. There was not a building if any kind between Queen and Bloor on the west side of Yonge. Yonge Street north of Toronto was not then the straight highway it is now, but twisted and turned in all directions to avoid the hills.
The most travelled route from Toronto to Penetang was, via Yonge Street to Holland Landing, from there to Kempenfeldt Bay by boat or steamer in summer and across the ice in winter. The route them led overland through a bush-trail to Penetang.
Let us for a moment consider Holland landing.
Holland Landing is one of the historic laces of York County. On or about 1790 Mayor Holland, who was Surveyor-General for Upper Canada, passed through the then unknown region from Toronto to the river which now bears his name. He died in 1801.
It was the resting place of the wonderful and to mysterious anchors, which was abandoned here on the sandy shores in the winter of 1815, although its destiny was Penetang, where the British Militia proposed to build war frigate for use on the Upper Lakes. In the meantime peace was declared and the anchor was abandoned to be gradually buried in the soft drifting sand.
The anchor was delivered at Kingston in the fall of 1814 and transported to the Lower Landing via Toronto and Yonge Street on specifically constructed runners by relays of oxen, 2 yoke being used in its delivery. Nearly one-hundred years later the anchor was re-discovered and permission was obtained by the council of Holland Landing to transfer it to the village park.
As well as being an historic place, Holland Landing was also a busy place. There, was the only mill in the district. This Old Red Mill ground grain for pioneers from as far north as Penetang. In 1817, to mention only one, a man named Partridge packed his grist on his back and walked to Barrie, then he paddled it in his dugout the rest of the way, 20 miles, to the Old Red Mill at Holland Landing.
Hardships, yes there were many.
Some of the most annoying things pioneers had to contend with were wolves, bears and foxes. James Lytle was one treed by wolves. After climbing the tree he broke branches and using these as clubs, tried to drive the wolves away, but when the animals snapped at his feet, he was glad to climb back to safety and remain there until with daybreak the besiegers disappeared.
As another example. On one occasion a girl of sixteen was sent on horseback with a bag of corn to have it ground at the mill. It was midnight before the corn was ground, but the dauntless lass began her return journey along the blazed path to her home.
As she cantered along under the spreading trees she was startled by distant yelps and barks, which grew even nearer and nearer. She urged her horse to its utmost speed, but at times so close were the wolves that on looking back she could see their baleful eyes gleaming through the pitchy darkness. Nothing daunted, she kept on her way, her steed urged to its utmost speed by the menacing death at its huls. At last, almost exhausted she reached her home, her bag of precious food intact.
Some of the most annoying things pioneers had to contend with were wolves, bears and foxes. James Lytle was one treed by wolves. After climbing the tree he broke branches and using these as clubs, tried to drive the wolves away, but when the animals snapped at his feet, he was glad to climb back to safety and remain there until with daybreak the besiegers disappeared.
As another example. On one occasion a girl of sixteen was sent on horseback with a bag of corn to have it ground at the mill. It was midnight before the corn was ground, but the dauntless lass began her return journey along the blazed path to her home.
As she cantered along under the spreading trees she was startled by distant yelps and barks, which grew even nearer and nearer. She urged her horse to its utmost speed, but at times so close were the wolves that on looking back she could see their baleful eyes gleaming through the pitchy darkness. Nothing daunted, she kept on her way, her steed urged to its utmost speed by the menacing death at its huls. At last, almost exhausted she reached her home, her bag of precious food intact.
In time, two tanneries, two saw-mills, a foundry, a brewery, a potashery, a large tim shop, a general store, other small stores, five taverns and a liquor store were in operation.
There was more business done at Holland Landing than at any other place north of Toronto, but atlas, the Northern Railway came along in 1853, a grain market was established at Bradford, the market at NEwmarket was improved and the result was that the supply of Holland Landing was cut off, businesses dropped out, fires destroyed property and the place now somewhat resemble “Goldsmith’s Deserted Village.”
Therefore, with the downfall of Holland Landing, Newmarket started on the road to prosperity.
There was more business done at Holland Landing than at any other place north of Toronto, but atlas, the Northern Railway came along in 1853, a grain market was established at Bradford, the market at NEwmarket was improved and the result was that the supply of Holland Landing was cut off, businesses dropped out, fires destroyed property and the place now somewhat resemble “Goldsmith’s Deserted Village.”
Therefore, with the downfall of Holland Landing, Newmarket started on the road to prosperity.
Chapter I: How Newmarket got its Name
(refer to the map)
One hundred and forty years ago, Yonge Street was an Indian Highway, as well as a military road. Indian traversed it on their way from Penetang to Toronto to receive their annuity money from the Government. As many as 700 have been seen in one band. In summer the clothing of the men was limited to breech-cloths and that of the women to petticoats, the body being left bare from the waist up. In late fall, they went south to make baskets in the woods, then standing near Toronto, and to see them in the city. In early spring they returned to the north to make sugar, to fish and later on to engage in the fall hunt.
Newmarket is situated just off Yonge Street and is midway between these two points. At that time William Roe had a store and Post Office combined at the south end of town. It was through him and his store that Indians were encouraged to come here. With them they brought their furs to trade. A trading post was set up by them in an old tree which stood until 1950. This old tree stood in the centre of Timothy Street just west of Main Street. Into it the Indians drove wooden spikes on which to hang their pelts. This was the centre of town. Indians came from far and near to trade, and from them our town was named Newmarket. It was a “New Market” for the Indians.
(refer to the map)
One hundred and forty years ago, Yonge Street was an Indian Highway, as well as a military road. Indian traversed it on their way from Penetang to Toronto to receive their annuity money from the Government. As many as 700 have been seen in one band. In summer the clothing of the men was limited to breech-cloths and that of the women to petticoats, the body being left bare from the waist up. In late fall, they went south to make baskets in the woods, then standing near Toronto, and to see them in the city. In early spring they returned to the north to make sugar, to fish and later on to engage in the fall hunt.
Newmarket is situated just off Yonge Street and is midway between these two points. At that time William Roe had a store and Post Office combined at the south end of town. It was through him and his store that Indians were encouraged to come here. With them they brought their furs to trade. A trading post was set up by them in an old tree which stood until 1950. This old tree stood in the centre of Timothy Street just west of Main Street. Into it the Indians drove wooden spikes on which to hang their pelts. This was the centre of town. Indians came from far and near to trade, and from them our town was named Newmarket. It was a “New Market” for the Indians.
Chapter II: Between 1826 and 1847
There were many Taverns in those days. Granted, there were several mills here and there, but taverns were found on almost every corner. Between Kempenfeldt Bay at Barrie and Yonge Street wharf in Toronto there were sixty-eight licensed houses- one for each mille of the road and three to spare, besides eight on ten unlicensed places. Distilleries were also numerous.
Supper and a night’s lodging, and hay for a team cost fifty cents at a wayside tavern. There were three beds in each room and two people slept in each bed. A basin stood in the bar and each man took his turn in going out to the pump for a clean-up.
Some such places were not too warm. These buildings were usually built of frame, and not plastered at that. The beds were only covered with two thin cotton sheets and one quilt. Customers had to rub their feet together to keep them from freezing in the night.
In 1830 there was mail service from Toronto to Newmarket, but mail for points further north was given for delivering to the first reliable settler who happened to come along. This volunteer carrier, the beginning of rural mail delivery, distributed his letters as he passed up Yonge Street and the Penetang Road. Sometimes there were letters still in his bag for settlers along the way, and these had to be sent back as chance offered.
The first wagon that passed over the trail was made in 1826 by a man named White of Newmarket. It was built largely of Swedish iron and was still in existence at the close of the last century.
Newmarket was becoming important for other reasons also.
Grists had to be carried all the way on Penetang to Newmarket, but later on a mill was built at Coldwater which greatly shortened the journey. But, for groceries they still had to come to Newmarket as no other hamlets along the way had general stores.
In 1847 travel from Toronto to Holland Landing was by Stage Coach. From Holland Landing to Barrie, travel was by the steamer “Beaver”
There were many Taverns in those days. Granted, there were several mills here and there, but taverns were found on almost every corner. Between Kempenfeldt Bay at Barrie and Yonge Street wharf in Toronto there were sixty-eight licensed houses- one for each mille of the road and three to spare, besides eight on ten unlicensed places. Distilleries were also numerous.
Supper and a night’s lodging, and hay for a team cost fifty cents at a wayside tavern. There were three beds in each room and two people slept in each bed. A basin stood in the bar and each man took his turn in going out to the pump for a clean-up.
Some such places were not too warm. These buildings were usually built of frame, and not plastered at that. The beds were only covered with two thin cotton sheets and one quilt. Customers had to rub their feet together to keep them from freezing in the night.
In 1830 there was mail service from Toronto to Newmarket, but mail for points further north was given for delivering to the first reliable settler who happened to come along. This volunteer carrier, the beginning of rural mail delivery, distributed his letters as he passed up Yonge Street and the Penetang Road. Sometimes there were letters still in his bag for settlers along the way, and these had to be sent back as chance offered.
The first wagon that passed over the trail was made in 1826 by a man named White of Newmarket. It was built largely of Swedish iron and was still in existence at the close of the last century.
Newmarket was becoming important for other reasons also.
Grists had to be carried all the way on Penetang to Newmarket, but later on a mill was built at Coldwater which greatly shortened the journey. But, for groceries they still had to come to Newmarket as no other hamlets along the way had general stores.
In 1847 travel from Toronto to Holland Landing was by Stage Coach. From Holland Landing to Barrie, travel was by the steamer “Beaver”
Chapter III: Mr. Gibson’s Story
Part I
My Family came to Newmarket in 1856 and bought a house on the southeast corner of Lorne and eagle Streets.
In those days the little hamlet already had about fifteen streets and approximately sixty houses. Travel along the muddy roads was hazardous. Often buggy wheels were buried to the axle in mud, The fastest way to go “downtown” and back was to walk. Stores and buildings in the Main Street were springing up here and there.
One day early in Newmarket’s history, a terrible fire destroyed a large section of the buildings in the central section of Main Street. Fire-fighting was at its very early stages. Equipment was premature and fires usually ran their course.
Of course, this fire destroyed most of the stores, so the townsfolk were left handicapped. Now, many parents had to grow their own vegetables and make the clothes for the whole family. Yes, life in those days was hard going.
I was born in 1871 and two years later we moved across Eagle Street to a large red brick house which still stands on that corner.
Between our place and Yonge Street there were only three houses and an old Anglican Cemetery. Our house was down the hill from the cemetery. People who cared so earnestly for it used to come to our house and carry pails upon pails of water up the hill to water the flowers and shrubs that made this place a beauty spot.
Part I
My Family came to Newmarket in 1856 and bought a house on the southeast corner of Lorne and eagle Streets.
In those days the little hamlet already had about fifteen streets and approximately sixty houses. Travel along the muddy roads was hazardous. Often buggy wheels were buried to the axle in mud, The fastest way to go “downtown” and back was to walk. Stores and buildings in the Main Street were springing up here and there.
One day early in Newmarket’s history, a terrible fire destroyed a large section of the buildings in the central section of Main Street. Fire-fighting was at its very early stages. Equipment was premature and fires usually ran their course.
Of course, this fire destroyed most of the stores, so the townsfolk were left handicapped. Now, many parents had to grow their own vegetables and make the clothes for the whole family. Yes, life in those days was hard going.
I was born in 1871 and two years later we moved across Eagle Street to a large red brick house which still stands on that corner.
Between our place and Yonge Street there were only three houses and an old Anglican Cemetery. Our house was down the hill from the cemetery. People who cared so earnestly for it used to come to our house and carry pails upon pails of water up the hill to water the flowers and shrubs that made this place a beauty spot.
Where Heroes Lie
I’ve tried to portray with the aid of the pen the last resting place of important men,
Similar in life some humble, some great,
They passed into death through the same little gate,
Neath six feet of earth they now lie asleep;
Their friends and their neighbours have long ceased to weep;
The hoarse blasts of winter hurls snow o’er the ground,
The soft summer zephyr caresses each mound,
The ground it has settled, the slab has a lean,
While round it the weeds in profusion are seen,
Which seems as they sway by the autumn wind blown
In affection to burnished the face of the stone.
O’er the graves of these poor, hardy knights of the siol;
Released from their thraldom of trouble and toil,
Who played well their part when the country was young
And now lie forgotten, unhonoured, unsung.
This poem aptly describes this little, once cared-for plot. Many important people lie here now forgotten. Under these broke, slanting, stone lie Robinsons, Dudleys, Roses, Picks, and the First Governor of Upper Canada- Gov. Simcoe.
While playing in the yard one day I saw Fred Pick carrying his dead sister over one shoulder and a spade over the other, up to the little cemetery. You see, we had no coffins or undertakers in those days, and each family buried their own.
In 1874, a great tragedy befell two young Newmarket youths. The two sons of Wm. Roe drowned while swimming. I still remember it. The procession reached all the way from Main Street to the cemetery. No funeral had ever been so large as this in the history of the town.
The tide of life mush run on and with it canish the friends and relatives of these important people. (first Lt. Gov. of Upper Canada, Simcoe; first store owner in town, Wm. Roe)
Therefore, no-one remains to water the flowers on trim the shrubs and grass. At least this cemetery like many others lies beneath the weeds in summer and the snow in winter. Few seem to know who lies there, and no-one seems to care.
Part II
I lived on the corner of Lorne and Eagle streets until I was eight years old. A boy named Swayne used to come and play with me, who lived beside the Allan House on Timothy Street. I still remember how he chased my brother and I around the kitchen table. Then too, I went to play with him. He had so much fun climbing the “Old Tree” which stood just in front of the Allan House. We had many pleasant times together, but one day it all ended. Swayne was really a little odd, and used to go everywhere in his bare feet -- summer and winter. One winter day he disappeared. When night approached and he did not appear, a search party was sent out to find him. They searched the area as far as the Gamble Bush, but no trace of him was found. At length they gave up hope. No-one really knew what happened to Swayne. But, some several years later someone who was walking through Gamble Bush came across a skeleton. This was thought to be Swayne, who had wandered away from home in his bare feet one winter day, several years previous, but no-one knew for sure.
I’ve tried to portray with the aid of the pen the last resting place of important men,
Similar in life some humble, some great,
They passed into death through the same little gate,
Neath six feet of earth they now lie asleep;
Their friends and their neighbours have long ceased to weep;
The hoarse blasts of winter hurls snow o’er the ground,
The soft summer zephyr caresses each mound,
The ground it has settled, the slab has a lean,
While round it the weeds in profusion are seen,
Which seems as they sway by the autumn wind blown
In affection to burnished the face of the stone.
O’er the graves of these poor, hardy knights of the siol;
Released from their thraldom of trouble and toil,
Who played well their part when the country was young
And now lie forgotten, unhonoured, unsung.
This poem aptly describes this little, once cared-for plot. Many important people lie here now forgotten. Under these broke, slanting, stone lie Robinsons, Dudleys, Roses, Picks, and the First Governor of Upper Canada- Gov. Simcoe.
While playing in the yard one day I saw Fred Pick carrying his dead sister over one shoulder and a spade over the other, up to the little cemetery. You see, we had no coffins or undertakers in those days, and each family buried their own.
In 1874, a great tragedy befell two young Newmarket youths. The two sons of Wm. Roe drowned while swimming. I still remember it. The procession reached all the way from Main Street to the cemetery. No funeral had ever been so large as this in the history of the town.
The tide of life mush run on and with it canish the friends and relatives of these important people. (first Lt. Gov. of Upper Canada, Simcoe; first store owner in town, Wm. Roe)
Therefore, no-one remains to water the flowers on trim the shrubs and grass. At least this cemetery like many others lies beneath the weeds in summer and the snow in winter. Few seem to know who lies there, and no-one seems to care.
Part II
I lived on the corner of Lorne and Eagle streets until I was eight years old. A boy named Swayne used to come and play with me, who lived beside the Allan House on Timothy Street. I still remember how he chased my brother and I around the kitchen table. Then too, I went to play with him. He had so much fun climbing the “Old Tree” which stood just in front of the Allan House. We had many pleasant times together, but one day it all ended. Swayne was really a little odd, and used to go everywhere in his bare feet -- summer and winter. One winter day he disappeared. When night approached and he did not appear, a search party was sent out to find him. They searched the area as far as the Gamble Bush, but no trace of him was found. At length they gave up hope. No-one really knew what happened to Swayne. But, some several years later someone who was walking through Gamble Bush came across a skeleton. This was thought to be Swayne, who had wandered away from home in his bare feet one winter day, several years previous, but no-one knew for sure.
Part III
In the year 1879 my family moved to a frame house on Raglan Street. By this time Newmarket had recovered from the effects of the fire, and the town was built up again. There were six or seven blacksmith shops, a bakery, butcher shops, a tin shop (where they made their own dippers and frying pans), three drug stores, six liquor stores, a general store and post office, six hotels and four of five doctors- (Dr. Bently, Dr. Rogers, Dr. Nash, Dr. Campbell).
It was at this time also that Robert Simpson had his first establishment on Main Street. He didn’t stay long here thought, but moved his business to Toronto where it is today. As a young man, I went to visit him in Toronto. He was so pleased to have a visit from a person from Newmarket and hear of all the latest developments.
In this same year (when I was eight years old) there was a terrible outbreak of diphtheria. People were dying on every hand. At least two from each home were taken, if bad enough, in that household. Mrs. Bailey, as widow woman, who was my teacher and ran the Tecumseh School, cared for the sick and dying people in a building on the corner of Millard and Main, which was converted into a temporary hospital. Here Mrs. Bailey gave all her spare time in administering medicine and giving words of encouragement to those who needed it most.
A few years after this I worked at a general store “downtown.” My boy friend worked for the drugstore next door. In those days delivery boys had to walk and pull the two-wheeled carts all over town for either large or small orders. My boy friend was always full of fun and was forever playing jokes on people. On this particular occasion he was called to deliver once spool of thread to a lady on Davis Drive across from Cane’s factory as he was pulling his cart along with the spool of thread he thought of a bright idea. On approaching Cane’s Lumber Yard, he noticed that many old sticks of wood were lying around, apparently useless. So, as he passed he popped one about three feel long into his cart.
Soon, he was knocking at the woman’s door. When the door was opened, the lady was confronted by the spool of thread which was being held out to her on the end of this long stick. Of course, you guessed it. Never again did she have on tiny spool of thread delivered. In fact, she never even once entered that store again, but did her shopping elsewhere.
In the year 1879 my family moved to a frame house on Raglan Street. By this time Newmarket had recovered from the effects of the fire, and the town was built up again. There were six or seven blacksmith shops, a bakery, butcher shops, a tin shop (where they made their own dippers and frying pans), three drug stores, six liquor stores, a general store and post office, six hotels and four of five doctors- (Dr. Bently, Dr. Rogers, Dr. Nash, Dr. Campbell).
It was at this time also that Robert Simpson had his first establishment on Main Street. He didn’t stay long here thought, but moved his business to Toronto where it is today. As a young man, I went to visit him in Toronto. He was so pleased to have a visit from a person from Newmarket and hear of all the latest developments.
In this same year (when I was eight years old) there was a terrible outbreak of diphtheria. People were dying on every hand. At least two from each home were taken, if bad enough, in that household. Mrs. Bailey, as widow woman, who was my teacher and ran the Tecumseh School, cared for the sick and dying people in a building on the corner of Millard and Main, which was converted into a temporary hospital. Here Mrs. Bailey gave all her spare time in administering medicine and giving words of encouragement to those who needed it most.
A few years after this I worked at a general store “downtown.” My boy friend worked for the drugstore next door. In those days delivery boys had to walk and pull the two-wheeled carts all over town for either large or small orders. My boy friend was always full of fun and was forever playing jokes on people. On this particular occasion he was called to deliver once spool of thread to a lady on Davis Drive across from Cane’s factory as he was pulling his cart along with the spool of thread he thought of a bright idea. On approaching Cane’s Lumber Yard, he noticed that many old sticks of wood were lying around, apparently useless. So, as he passed he popped one about three feel long into his cart.
Soon, he was knocking at the woman’s door. When the door was opened, the lady was confronted by the spool of thread which was being held out to her on the end of this long stick. Of course, you guessed it. Never again did she have on tiny spool of thread delivered. In fact, she never even once entered that store again, but did her shopping elsewhere.
Chapter IV: Tragedy
(Mr. Gibson continued)
Our little town, sorry to say, has had two murders. Both seem to have been caused through jealousy.
The Smith murder took place when I was fifteen years old. This was Newmarket’s first. Smiths at that time owned a store on the corner of Timothy and Main. Their house was on a street a few blocks from the store. During the winter John and Jack Smith took turns in caring for the furnace at the store.
It seems the both boys had their attentions centred on one girl, and John, evidently the less liked boy in the family, was about to marry her. On this particular occasion the feud came to a climax. John went to tend to the fire alone. When he did not return, the family went in search of him and found him bent over dead beside the furnace door.
Immediately Jack was questioned but no evidence was found to pronounce him guilty. The rest of the family declared that he had not been away from the house during that time.
Well, I had another side of the story to tell, but, my evidence was not heard, because the case was thrown out before I had a chance to speak. So, no one really knew the truth by my family.
It so happened that my younger brother was ill that night, and my mother sent me to get a doctor. Our doctor, who resided on Main Street hill was away when I called, so I was compelled to go up to Garbott Hill for Dr. Campbell, who lived on the corner of Garbott Hill and Gorham.
On my way back whom should I meet but Jack Smith. Little did I know then, but, Newmarket’s first murder had just been committed.
The only other murder to date is that of the Saxon girl who lived just east of the train tracks on Water Street. Mr. Saxon was a very wealthy man who owned a jewllery store on Main Street. He was an elderly man, and in his “will” was leaving his daughters his estate in business. One daughter was eager to have all the wealth for herself.
As they were doing the washing in the basement of the Saxon home, the jealous sister shot the other, and tried to frame it up as suicide. She was successful in her attempt and the wealth was hers. However, due to the strain and a guilty conscience, she went out of her mind and died two years later. What happened to the money, well she never did get a chance to use it.
(Mr. Gibson continued)
Our little town, sorry to say, has had two murders. Both seem to have been caused through jealousy.
The Smith murder took place when I was fifteen years old. This was Newmarket’s first. Smiths at that time owned a store on the corner of Timothy and Main. Their house was on a street a few blocks from the store. During the winter John and Jack Smith took turns in caring for the furnace at the store.
It seems the both boys had their attentions centred on one girl, and John, evidently the less liked boy in the family, was about to marry her. On this particular occasion the feud came to a climax. John went to tend to the fire alone. When he did not return, the family went in search of him and found him bent over dead beside the furnace door.
Immediately Jack was questioned but no evidence was found to pronounce him guilty. The rest of the family declared that he had not been away from the house during that time.
Well, I had another side of the story to tell, but, my evidence was not heard, because the case was thrown out before I had a chance to speak. So, no one really knew the truth by my family.
It so happened that my younger brother was ill that night, and my mother sent me to get a doctor. Our doctor, who resided on Main Street hill was away when I called, so I was compelled to go up to Garbott Hill for Dr. Campbell, who lived on the corner of Garbott Hill and Gorham.
On my way back whom should I meet but Jack Smith. Little did I know then, but, Newmarket’s first murder had just been committed.
The only other murder to date is that of the Saxon girl who lived just east of the train tracks on Water Street. Mr. Saxon was a very wealthy man who owned a jewllery store on Main Street. He was an elderly man, and in his “will” was leaving his daughters his estate in business. One daughter was eager to have all the wealth for herself.
As they were doing the washing in the basement of the Saxon home, the jealous sister shot the other, and tried to frame it up as suicide. She was successful in her attempt and the wealth was hers. However, due to the strain and a guilty conscience, she went out of her mind and died two years later. What happened to the money, well she never did get a chance to use it.
Chapter V: Growth of Industries
Many streets in Newmarket were named after prominent people. Raglan was named after Lord Raglan. Botsford was named after Botsford who settled in that area. Tecumseh was an old Indian name. Pine was named after Dr. Pine who resided on the corner of Gorham and Pine. Gorham Street was named after Dr. Gorham who owned all the land from Garbott Hill, now Prospect Street to Bogarttown, on the south side of Gorham. He built a large brick house on Garbott hill overlooking Fairy Lake, the pond.
From the very early days, Gorham Street was one of the busiest streets in town, perhaps for the reason that just below Prospect Hill, on Gorham, was located the Gorham Woollen Mill. This mill was situated on the banks of a creek which supplied the power for the mill’s operation, and employed thirty to thirty-five girls.
Many streets in Newmarket were named after prominent people. Raglan was named after Lord Raglan. Botsford was named after Botsford who settled in that area. Tecumseh was an old Indian name. Pine was named after Dr. Pine who resided on the corner of Gorham and Pine. Gorham Street was named after Dr. Gorham who owned all the land from Garbott Hill, now Prospect Street to Bogarttown, on the south side of Gorham. He built a large brick house on Garbott hill overlooking Fairy Lake, the pond.
From the very early days, Gorham Street was one of the busiest streets in town, perhaps for the reason that just below Prospect Hill, on Gorham, was located the Gorham Woollen Mill. This mill was situated on the banks of a creek which supplied the power for the mill’s operation, and employed thirty to thirty-five girls.
My home happens to be at the east end of Gorham Street. As children, my brother and I used to play on the old Gorham property. While walking through a pasture field one day, we came across some old tombstones, which had been trampled under foot by farm animals. These stones were badly broken up and the writing was almost beyond comprehension. But, on one we were able to decipher the name, Gorham. At that time these stones were a mystery but while obtaining information for this book, the truth came out. That field was on part of the property of Eli Gorham who established perhaps the first mill in Newmarket. Cemeteries were few and far apart, so people buried the dead on their own property.
Around that time, also there sprung up other industries. The Novelty Works, was started. The doctor of the town put up the money to get it on its feet. This factory made such items as baby carriages. Then came the hat factory which was run by a man named Ashworth. As the name suggests, this factory made hats (cristy stiffs). This was a big brick building, but unfortunately it was destroyed by fire a few years after its establishment.
As schools began to spring up everywhere, pencils began to be in great demand. Dixon’s Pencil factory was established on Davis Drive. This is an old grey brick factory. Pencils which are made here a circulated all over the country.
One occupation besides farming at which setters earned a living was the lumber business. The only lumber factory in the district was Cane’s factory. Setters from miles and miles around Newmarket came to this factory with their loads of logs. This factory was built up on the old Cane Residence which was built by Sir William Mulock in 1874. To this factory my grandfather Joe Cutting and my great uncle, John Cutting, brought logs drawn by oxen. Mr. Gibson as a young by enjoyed may rides “downtown” on the back of my grandfather’s sleigh. For him, this was quite a pleasure as no other farmers coming into Newmarket had teams of oxen.
After reaching Canes, these logs were made into lumber and also wooden barrels, buckets, and tubs.
Due to a shortage of lumber later on, Canes were forced to devise a plan to obtain logs if their business were to be maintained. So, in the year 1906, and backed by the Liberal government, Canes began their lengthy project. In order to obtain access to logs all year
around, a canal was begun from Holland Landing to Newmarket. Logs could come down as far as Holland Landing from Lake Simcoe, but no further. Therefore, Canes closed down and the employees, along with other men, worked on digging out the canal and building the locks here and there along the way. There were four-hundred to five-hundred men working on it all the time. It cost the country half a million dollars, but it never was completed. When it was almost completed, the Liberal Government was put out and the Conservatives, who now gained power, would not and did not carry on with the work. Therefore, the work on the Aylesworth ditch (as it was called) was stopped. Canes did not receive any logs, and so, the business went on the rocks. Anyone who had a share in the business lost everything and the Town took it over for a hospital site.
Our present hospital now stands where Canes lumber factory used to be. Had the canal been completed, it would have been extended from Holland Landing to Aurora and would have accommodated as well as logs, small boats.
Around that time, also there sprung up other industries. The Novelty Works, was started. The doctor of the town put up the money to get it on its feet. This factory made such items as baby carriages. Then came the hat factory which was run by a man named Ashworth. As the name suggests, this factory made hats (cristy stiffs). This was a big brick building, but unfortunately it was destroyed by fire a few years after its establishment.
As schools began to spring up everywhere, pencils began to be in great demand. Dixon’s Pencil factory was established on Davis Drive. This is an old grey brick factory. Pencils which are made here a circulated all over the country.
One occupation besides farming at which setters earned a living was the lumber business. The only lumber factory in the district was Cane’s factory. Setters from miles and miles around Newmarket came to this factory with their loads of logs. This factory was built up on the old Cane Residence which was built by Sir William Mulock in 1874. To this factory my grandfather Joe Cutting and my great uncle, John Cutting, brought logs drawn by oxen. Mr. Gibson as a young by enjoyed may rides “downtown” on the back of my grandfather’s sleigh. For him, this was quite a pleasure as no other farmers coming into Newmarket had teams of oxen.
After reaching Canes, these logs were made into lumber and also wooden barrels, buckets, and tubs.
Due to a shortage of lumber later on, Canes were forced to devise a plan to obtain logs if their business were to be maintained. So, in the year 1906, and backed by the Liberal government, Canes began their lengthy project. In order to obtain access to logs all year
around, a canal was begun from Holland Landing to Newmarket. Logs could come down as far as Holland Landing from Lake Simcoe, but no further. Therefore, Canes closed down and the employees, along with other men, worked on digging out the canal and building the locks here and there along the way. There were four-hundred to five-hundred men working on it all the time. It cost the country half a million dollars, but it never was completed. When it was almost completed, the Liberal Government was put out and the Conservatives, who now gained power, would not and did not carry on with the work. Therefore, the work on the Aylesworth ditch (as it was called) was stopped. Canes did not receive any logs, and so, the business went on the rocks. Anyone who had a share in the business lost everything and the Town took it over for a hospital site.
Our present hospital now stands where Canes lumber factory used to be. Had the canal been completed, it would have been extended from Holland Landing to Aurora and would have accommodated as well as logs, small boats.
This has brought us up to the early 1900, so let us for a moment retract our steps some thirty years and have a look at some other industries.
Newmarket’s central mill was a large brick building erected between Timothy and Water Streets. This was known first as the Marson Mill, then as the Reesor Mill. In 1888, it was taken entirely by fire, but was rebuilt in the same year and taken over by the Office Specialty Manufacturing Company. The opening of the Office Specialty was a great day for Newmarket, for as we shall see - after this, our little town began to really live.
Newmarket’s central mill was a large brick building erected between Timothy and Water Streets. This was known first as the Marson Mill, then as the Reesor Mill. In 1888, it was taken entirely by fire, but was rebuilt in the same year and taken over by the Office Specialty Manufacturing Company. The opening of the Office Specialty was a great day for Newmarket, for as we shall see - after this, our little town began to really live.
Today, the Office Specialty is the largest factory in Newmarket. Its Head Office is a new modern building on Prospect Street. From here branches have developed in leading cities all over the Dominion. In this factory are made all types of office furniture and supplies.
In 1902 the Cheese Factory started up at the north end of town on Davis Drive. Later on this factory was taken over by the Davis Leather Company. The year was 1904.
Mr. Davis was born in King Township and was educated at King, Aurora and Toronto. After completing his education, he associated himself with A. Davis and Son, of King, and married Miss Etta Pettit of Appin Ontario in 1912.
After the disastrous fire in King in 1904, he and his father, the late Hon. E. Davis, moved to Newmarket and started the Davis Leather Company, which afterwards developed into the largest calf-leather tannery in the British Empire. Even after the death of Mr. A. Davis, the business still goes on today on the present site, just east of the train tracks at Davis Drive.
Other industries which Newmarket had a short time ago, but are now operating elsewhere, are:
In 1902 the Cheese Factory started up at the north end of town on Davis Drive. Later on this factory was taken over by the Davis Leather Company. The year was 1904.
Mr. Davis was born in King Township and was educated at King, Aurora and Toronto. After completing his education, he associated himself with A. Davis and Son, of King, and married Miss Etta Pettit of Appin Ontario in 1912.
After the disastrous fire in King in 1904, he and his father, the late Hon. E. Davis, moved to Newmarket and started the Davis Leather Company, which afterwards developed into the largest calf-leather tannery in the British Empire. Even after the death of Mr. A. Davis, the business still goes on today on the present site, just east of the train tracks at Davis Drive.
Other industries which Newmarket had a short time ago, but are now operating elsewhere, are:
- Canadian Hoffman Company- makers of machinery
- Sangamo Company- makers of radio condensers and hydro meters
- Newmarket Lingerie- makers of lingerie
- Other industries still operating, and not mentioned previously are:
- Bender Casket- makers of caskets
- Guild Industries- makers of baby furniture and contact display cases
- Mirror Offset- printing
- Gorman Confectionery
- Pickle factory
- The Chocolate Factory
Chapter VI: Fire Fighting
Newmarket, as was every other little town in early days, was always stricken by fires. Due to muddy roads, lack of water, and loss of time, fires usually got out of hand, and as a result the building burned down.
The old fire hall which was torn down a few years ago had a tower in which was a bell. From this bell hung a long rope which reached down to the ground. If anyone had a fire, they would run to the fire hall, pull the rope and stay there so that they could direct the firemen to the fire.
When the firemen arrived (about fifty in number), they would take the man-powered vehicle from the hall, and pull it down the muddy street, or down the board sidewalk if wide enough. Another wagon followed along behind with the ladders.
If the fire was on Main Street, water was obtained from the cisterns at the side of street. Or, if the fire was on a side street, water was obtained from wells. The water thus procured was then pumped on to the fire by means of relays of men (eight on each end), who pumped on long handles which extended out from the tank on either side. Even with all this work, buildings were often destroyed.
Newmarket, as was every other little town in early days, was always stricken by fires. Due to muddy roads, lack of water, and loss of time, fires usually got out of hand, and as a result the building burned down.
The old fire hall which was torn down a few years ago had a tower in which was a bell. From this bell hung a long rope which reached down to the ground. If anyone had a fire, they would run to the fire hall, pull the rope and stay there so that they could direct the firemen to the fire.
When the firemen arrived (about fifty in number), they would take the man-powered vehicle from the hall, and pull it down the muddy street, or down the board sidewalk if wide enough. Another wagon followed along behind with the ladders.
If the fire was on Main Street, water was obtained from the cisterns at the side of street. Or, if the fire was on a side street, water was obtained from wells. The water thus procured was then pumped on to the fire by means of relays of men (eight on each end), who pumped on long handles which extended out from the tank on either side. Even with all this work, buildings were often destroyed.
(Mr. Gibson continues)
My father belonged to the fire brigade for many ears, and I in 1898, likewise followed in his footsteps. Even though it cost twenty five cents to join the brigade, and ten cents a month be a member, the waiting list was very long, When one person dropped out, the next in line was eager to step in. Everyone realized it was his duty to serve on the brigade.
There was the Somerville livery stable used across the street from the hall, and in later years, these horses were kept in readiness to hitch onto the reel if the fire was off the main street.
Canes also had a hose reel of their own and hey always went to every fire also. I have seen it go through mud up to the axel.
The firemen had many weary days but we never got anything of it except satisfaction.
The only material thing we got was a trip once a year, and an oyster supper every year (at Christmas). The trip was taken on the Civic Holiday. On one occasion we went to Niagara Falls which cost us one dollar and fifty cents. The town, after a few years, decided to pay us one hundred dollars a year and retain the Civic Holiday. This of course got the approval of all concerned.
The only piece of uniform to show that we were firemen was a red hat. Later in when they got the first truck (1929 or 1930), we got our first uniform, which were a tunic affair. Since then, the town fire fighting system has greatly improved. The bell was not too satisfactory as much time was lost in getting there. After this, when the water system was started in 1888, the whistle was blown by steam from the Water Works. Then, later on they used electricity. This was found unsatisfactory as it could not be heard everywhere in the town. Last of all, they tried sirens. The Office Specialty agreed to blow this, because they always had steam available. The alarm ran gas into the Water Works and from there it is automatically transferred to the Office Specialty. This is very satisfactory as it can be heard for miles around.
My father belonged to the fire brigade for many ears, and I in 1898, likewise followed in his footsteps. Even though it cost twenty five cents to join the brigade, and ten cents a month be a member, the waiting list was very long, When one person dropped out, the next in line was eager to step in. Everyone realized it was his duty to serve on the brigade.
There was the Somerville livery stable used across the street from the hall, and in later years, these horses were kept in readiness to hitch onto the reel if the fire was off the main street.
Canes also had a hose reel of their own and hey always went to every fire also. I have seen it go through mud up to the axel.
The firemen had many weary days but we never got anything of it except satisfaction.
The only material thing we got was a trip once a year, and an oyster supper every year (at Christmas). The trip was taken on the Civic Holiday. On one occasion we went to Niagara Falls which cost us one dollar and fifty cents. The town, after a few years, decided to pay us one hundred dollars a year and retain the Civic Holiday. This of course got the approval of all concerned.
The only piece of uniform to show that we were firemen was a red hat. Later in when they got the first truck (1929 or 1930), we got our first uniform, which were a tunic affair. Since then, the town fire fighting system has greatly improved. The bell was not too satisfactory as much time was lost in getting there. After this, when the water system was started in 1888, the whistle was blown by steam from the Water Works. Then, later on they used electricity. This was found unsatisfactory as it could not be heard everywhere in the town. Last of all, they tried sirens. The Office Specialty agreed to blow this, because they always had steam available. The alarm ran gas into the Water Works and from there it is automatically transferred to the Office Specialty. This is very satisfactory as it can be heard for miles around.
Chapter VII: From Candles to Electricity
Main Street was the first street to have lights. The first lights were candles which were placed in boxes on poles 100 feet apart. Nancy Boal, an old irish woman, was the lamp lighter. It was her duty to ring the Old Bell at six o’clock every night and morning. This she did faithfully. In addition to this, she had to take her ladder and light the candles every night. In the morning she blew them out and cleaned the boxes.
After candles came coal- oil lamps and then incandescent lights. These lights were like a sort of carbon. The carbon had to be changed or adjusted every morning.
Around 1900 there was talks of putting in electricity. Old timers were perfectly satisfied with the incandescent lights and would have nothing to do with electricity. Allan said that if electricity were put in he would not go to church, because he would not sit under them. Well in 1955 electricity was put in down at the Water Works. These old-timers only went to church in the morning because they refused to sit under the lights.
Today Newmarket has plenty of lights everywhere, and a few years ago new modern overhanging lights were erected on the streets.
Main Street was the first street to have lights. The first lights were candles which were placed in boxes on poles 100 feet apart. Nancy Boal, an old irish woman, was the lamp lighter. It was her duty to ring the Old Bell at six o’clock every night and morning. This she did faithfully. In addition to this, she had to take her ladder and light the candles every night. In the morning she blew them out and cleaned the boxes.
After candles came coal- oil lamps and then incandescent lights. These lights were like a sort of carbon. The carbon had to be changed or adjusted every morning.
Around 1900 there was talks of putting in electricity. Old timers were perfectly satisfied with the incandescent lights and would have nothing to do with electricity. Allan said that if electricity were put in he would not go to church, because he would not sit under them. Well in 1955 electricity was put in down at the Water Works. These old-timers only went to church in the morning because they refused to sit under the lights.
Today Newmarket has plenty of lights everywhere, and a few years ago new modern overhanging lights were erected on the streets.
Chapter VIII: Trolley Service
In the year 1899 the Metropolitan car tracks were laid downtown as far as Richmond Hill. By 1900, the trolley came as far as Newmarket. By 1902, it went to the north end of town. At times it could hardly make it the climb up hills, so people had to get out and walk. By 1906, the tracks were laid down to Sutton. It was at this time that Canes closed down and the dirt which was taken from the canal was used to fill in around the concrete arch at Queen Street, so the trolley could pass over.
From Queen Street, the trolley took a north-easterly route, passing between the Bowling Green and Dixons Pencil Factory. From here it went to Sharon and from there to Sutton.
The Metropolitan had livery stables at the Eagle Hotel. People hired a horse and buggy or a horse and sleigh as we do taxis today.
The fare to Toronto return was one dollar, and seventy-five cents on holidays.
In the year 1912, the trolley was cut out for routes north of the town square, as cars were becoming more plentiful. It was quite an event when Bert Cane bought the first car in the district. It was nothing but a horseless carriage yet everyone thought it was an wonderful invention. Late on, the second car known to Newmarket was bought by Henry Cane.
Image page 56, 58, 59
In the year 1899 the Metropolitan car tracks were laid downtown as far as Richmond Hill. By 1900, the trolley came as far as Newmarket. By 1902, it went to the north end of town. At times it could hardly make it the climb up hills, so people had to get out and walk. By 1906, the tracks were laid down to Sutton. It was at this time that Canes closed down and the dirt which was taken from the canal was used to fill in around the concrete arch at Queen Street, so the trolley could pass over.
From Queen Street, the trolley took a north-easterly route, passing between the Bowling Green and Dixons Pencil Factory. From here it went to Sharon and from there to Sutton.
The Metropolitan had livery stables at the Eagle Hotel. People hired a horse and buggy or a horse and sleigh as we do taxis today.
The fare to Toronto return was one dollar, and seventy-five cents on holidays.
In the year 1912, the trolley was cut out for routes north of the town square, as cars were becoming more plentiful. It was quite an event when Bert Cane bought the first car in the district. It was nothing but a horseless carriage yet everyone thought it was an wonderful invention. Late on, the second car known to Newmarket was bought by Henry Cane.
Image page 56, 58, 59
Chapter IX: Growth and Development
There is an old saying, “no-one can stand in the way of progress.” This is so true of Newmarket. Ever since it was incorporated as a town in the early 1850s, Newmarket has climbed slowly up the ladder.
In these early days, believe it or not, there was local delivery of food. Milk and meat were brought around to houses on a wagon. If you wished to get some milk, all you did was go out and get some in a pitcher.
Around 1850 also, there were many fairs. Newmarket also held its event of the year in the Fair Grounds (a large piece of land on the east side of town). People from miles around came to Newmarket on “Fair Day.” A fall fair every year was the usual thing for many many years. Then, one day the war came along and fairs died out.
There is an old saying, “no-one can stand in the way of progress.” This is so true of Newmarket. Ever since it was incorporated as a town in the early 1850s, Newmarket has climbed slowly up the ladder.
In these early days, believe it or not, there was local delivery of food. Milk and meat were brought around to houses on a wagon. If you wished to get some milk, all you did was go out and get some in a pitcher.
Around 1850 also, there were many fairs. Newmarket also held its event of the year in the Fair Grounds (a large piece of land on the east side of town). People from miles around came to Newmarket on “Fair Day.” A fall fair every year was the usual thing for many many years. Then, one day the war came along and fairs died out.
With World War One, came the building of numerous huts, a drill hall, a chapel, a hospital, etc. on the old Fair Grounds land. Then, with the end of the war came another change. The army hospital was turned into a factory (Sangamo- now Mirror Offset). The drill hall still stands in its former place, but in now used for storage and Roland’s Radiator Shop. The old grandstand and gate are still standing, though very old. Every hut has been turned into houses. Where there were rows of huts, now there are rows of modern homes. A series of huts was used to make the Legion Hall.
For many years the chapel remained in its same place, even though a road came close by its door. For years it remained idle, but one day a few years ago, a group of people began using it for church services. Last winter these people used it up to the east end of Arthur Street and set it on a block foundation. Services are held in it every Sunday.
For many years the chapel remained in its same place, even though a road came close by its door. For years it remained idle, but one day a few years ago, a group of people began using it for church services. Last winter these people used it up to the east end of Arthur Street and set it on a block foundation. Services are held in it every Sunday.
Altogether, Newmarket has twelve churches. These are as follows:
- Army Chapel
- Nazarene
- Christian Baptist
- United
- Presbyterian
- St Paul’s Anglican
- Friends
- Free Methodists
- Grace
- Salvation Army
- Glad Tidings Assembly
- St John’s Roman Catholic
Before we leave the Army Chapel and the Fair Grounds, let us look for a moment in another direction. Just inside to the left, where the northern entrance to the Camps used to be stands one of Newmarket’s newest schools. The red brick Prince Charles School was opened for use in 1953, and stands overlooking the Fair Grounds.
Other schools in Newmarket are:
Other schools in Newmarket are:
- The Alexander Muir (1891)
- The Stuart Scott (1925)
- The King George (1912)
- St John Roman Catholic
- School for the Retarded Children (in the Friends Church)
- And the new JLR Bell School which will be completed for September 1956
The JLR Bell School is situated in the new Lenhardt subdivision, west of the town. This is Newmarket’s many subdivision. Everywhere you look, there are houses and more houses. Several years ago, Newmarket had a population of about three thousand. When the census is taken shortly, it is believed the population will be doubled. With a population of six-thousand or more, one wonders how long it will be before Newmarket develops into a city.
From the early beginnings of Newmarket, the Post Office has played its part. The first Post Office was situated where Brice’s Meat Market is now, and was run by William Roe. Later it was moved up the street to where Marigold’s Gift Shop is now. Then, it was moved to where the present Bell Telephone office is now. In 1914, a permanent brick post office was built across the street on the corner of Park and Main Streets. It still stands there today and an addition is being built. This new building will be used for additional floor space for the Post Office and other Government offices.
In the following pages we will deal with the history of the Home for the Aged on Yonge Street and York County Hospital on Davis Drive.
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